Free Speech in China

(assignment developed by Tanya Nava)

Please read Section I (Summary), Section II (How Censorship Works in China: A Brief Overview), and Section V (1 & 2) of the Human Rights Watch article ìRace to the Bottomî: Corporate Complicity in Chinese Internet Censorship, http://www.hrw.org/reports/2006/china0806/.

 

This is Article 19 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights: (China signed this covenant in 1998, but has not ratified it to date.  Think about this as you read these articles.)

1. Everyone shall have the right to hold opinions without interference.

2. Everyone shall have the right to freedom of expression; this right shall include freedom to seek, receive and impart information and ideas of all kinds, regardless of frontiers, either orally, in writing or in print, in the form of art, or through any other media of his choice.

3. The exercise of the rights provided for in paragraph 2 of this article carries with it special duties and responsibilities. It may therefore be subject to certain restrictions, but these shall only be such as are provided by law and are necessary:

(a) For respect of the rights or reputations of others;

(b) For the protection of national security or of public order (ordre public), or of public health or morals.

 

Please view this short video:

1)     Here is a video on YouTube that shows the difference between the censored internet in China and uncensored internet and the current problems as described by Reporters Without Borders: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=quaZi5sckwE.  Itís really only the first 5 minutes.  What do you think about the censored search results?  What about China selling this technology to dictators?

 

Current Issues:

1)     Corporate Complicity - http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?file=/c/a/2005/09/18/MNGDUEPNLA1.DTL&type=tech. Do you think these corporations are violating human rights?  What do you think about Yahoo providing user information to the Chinese government?  What are some solutions?

2)     Censorship during the Olympics: http://www.nytimes.com/2008/07/31/sports/olympics/31china.html?partner=rssuserland&emc=rss&pagewanted=all. China had promised unrestricted access to the internet for foreign journalists, but then did not follow through.   

3)     No Anonymity - http://technology.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/tech_and_web/the_web/article4958778.ece. China is requiring cameras in internet cafes to photograph web users.  What do you think about that?

 

Chinese like censorship?

ìAccording to findings from the fourth and most recent of a series of surveys about internet use in China from 2000 to 2007, over 80% of respondents say they think the internet should be managed or controlled, and in 2007, almost 85% say they think the government should be responsible for doing it.î  You donít have to read this, but the quote can be found here: http://www.pewinternet.org/pdfs/PIP_China_Internet_2008.pdf. Playing devilís advocate, why shouldnít China censor the internet?  The Chinese people think that there is too much inappropriate material out there.  Could it actually be a good thing?

 

Proposed Global Online Freedom Act ñ http://www.govtrack.us/congress/bill.xpd?bill=h110-275&tab=summary

What concerns about the Act are discussed in these articles?

1.     http://www.cdt.org/international/censorship/20080505gofa.pdf

2.     http://arstechnica.com/news.ars/post/20080501-bill-would-penalize-companies-for-aiding-internet-censorship.html

 

If you like this topic, feel free to browse http://www.cecc.gov/You will find some interesting news articles about internet censorship, but we wonít cover them in class.